N°

question

option_a

option_b

answer

short_answer

1

A man’s cultural imprint derives from the philosophy of his culture.

True

False

a

A man’s cultural imprint derives from the philosophy of his culture, but philosophies that deny reality generate cognitive dissonance and anxiety.

2

Which philosophers shaped the cultures of the West?

Pythagoras, Descartes and Marx.

Plato, Aristotle and Kant

b

Plato, Aristotle and Kant. All cultures of the West derive from the ideas of Plato, Aristotle, and Kant, but not all integrate sensory perceptions with ideas.

3

Plato’s theory says that the world of ideas derives from the material world.

True

False

b

Plato states that reality derives from ideas. He duplicates the natural world and invents another supernatural, perfect, invisible one. He calls it the world of Ideas which, for Plato, existed before the material universe.

4

Aristotle’s philosophy doubles the world.

True

False

b

Aristotle does not duplicate existence but studies the laws of nature.

5

Kant’s philosophy says that noumenal reality can be known by pure reason.

True

False

b

Kant asserts that neither sensory perceptions nor reason serve to know reality “as it is” (which he called “noumenal reality”) because, according to Kant, it is unknowable.

6

Cultural imprinting refers to your culture shaping your character.

True

False

a

“Cultural imprinting” is the process by which a child absorbs without his consent the entire culture, including the irrational aspects of his parents and teachers.

7

What is vicarious learning?

Religious learning.

Learning by imitation.

b

Vicarious learning is learning by imitation of authority figures without critical analysis.

8

What are mirror neurons?

Neurons that mimic the behaviours of others.

Refractory neurons of the eyeball.

a

Mirror neurons mimic the behaviours of others. It explains the phenomenon of contagion from a yawn to an attack of mass hysteria.

9

What is conditioned reflex learning?

Rational learning.

Irrational learning by repetition.

b

The conditioned reflex is irrational learning by repetition of cultural acts, in education, customs, media, advertising and propaganda.

10

What is the name of the process of demoralizing, destabilizing, producing a crisis and re-normalizing the culture of a society?

Cultural education.

Cultural subversion.

b

Cultural subversion is done in four stages: 1°Demoralization: changing values; 2° Destabilization: destroy legality; 3° Crisis: riots or civil war; 4° Normalization: what was previously reprehensible is accepted as normal.

11

A person’s paleocortex denies reality if it contradicts its culture.

True

False

a

When reality contradicts a man’s culture, his paleocortex or instinctive brain negates evidence by inhibiting the critical thinking of his rational neocortex.

12

Sensory perception starts from the objects of the physical world and ends in the brain that interprets electrical impulses.

True

False

a

Sensory perception starts from the objects of the physical world and ends in the brain that interprets electrical impulses.

13

The emission of distal stimulus is the last stage of sensory perception.

True

False

b

The energy emitted by things that exist in the material world is the 1st stage of sensory perception and is called distal stimulation.

14

The second stage of sensory perception is when a sensory cell analyse the distal stimulus?

True

False

b

The distal stimulus is received by specialized cells that exist in each sensory organ. The eye receives light; the ear, sound; nose, odours, etc. The reception of distal stimulus is the 2nd stage of sensory perception.

15

The process of converting the distal stimulus to proximal stimulus (or nerve impulse) is called transduction.

True

False

a

Transduction is the 3rd stage of perception. It occurs when the distal stimulus received (light, sound, smell, etc.) is converted by the sensory cell to proximal stimulus or nerve electrical impulse.

16

In the 4th stage of sensory perception, the paleocortex interprets the electric impulses.

True

False

a

The paleocortex interprets the proximal stimulus (or nerve electrical impulse). He compares it with the data in his memory and denies it if it seems dangerous, preventing the neocortex from being informed of reality.

17

The fifth stage of sensory perception occurs when the neocortex rationally analyses the electric impulses according to the premises of its cultural mold.

True

False

a

The fifth stage of sensory perception is possible only when the neocortex receives information from the proximal stimulus.

18

What is the Comfort Zone?

Neural pathways derived from focusing the mind and critical thinking.

Neural highways derived from cultural imprinting and mental habits.

b

The Comfort Zone is the easiest way where nerve impulses circulate in your brain, automatically, with no or little critical thinking.

19

Every emotion is a primary, a cause in itself.

True

False

b

Every emotion is an effect, the response to an intellectual evaluation made at the speed of light that goes unnoticed.

20

What are fallacies?

True arguments that seem false.

False arguments that seem true.

b

Fallacies are false arguments that seem true. The best way to understand them is with examples.

21

Does gender ideology contradict Mendel’s laws?

Yes

No

a

The fact is that male cells have XY genes; the feminine, XX.

22

The Vatican awarded Galileo because he discovered with his telescope that the Earth was moving.

True

False

b

The Inquisition condemned Galileo for being faithful to the evidence of his telescope and proving that the Earth was moving.

23

Is there modern propaganda and censorship?

Yes

No

a

There has always been propaganda and censorship. The rulers make propaganda and censorship to govern the minds of the ruled.

24

Does Collectivism ask the individual to refine the use of his reason?

Yes

No

b

Collectivism needs irrational individuals who follow an emotional majority manipulated by propaganda.

25

In sports competitions and war the one who knows best the terrain wins.

True

False

a

A winner acts according to reality. He thinks with words derived from concrete things. Its concepts derive from percepts; its ideas, from facts and evidence.

26

The axiomatic concepts are:

Existence, identity and consciousness.

Life, emotion and instinct.

a

The axiomatic concepts are existence, identity and consciousness. They are the proofs from which all objective knowledge derives. There is nothing prior to them and they are implicit in every thought.

27

The axiomatic concept of “existence” explains the difference between perceiving something instead of nothing.

True

False

a

“Existence” is a concept that refers to everything that exists, existed, and will exist. Existence exists even though no one perceives it.

28

“Consciousness” begins with your ideas and ends with your sensory perceptions.

True

False

b

“Consciousness” refers to all psychological actions that begins with perception. Existence, can exist without consciousness; consciousness, derives from existence.

29

The concept “identity” refers to things being different from themselves.

True

False

b

Identity refers to the fact that, if something is something, it is that, and not something else. Aristotle identified the fact as The Law of Identity: “A is A.” An orange cannot be an orange and a stone at the same time.

30

Axiomatic concepts are absolute because to reject them you have to accept them.

True

False

a

No one can escape the axiomatic concepts because to deny them one must accept them. Whoever denies them renounces his reason.

31

Causality says that, if something is what it is, it will act according to its nature, sometimes yes, sometimes not.

True

False

b

“Causality” says that if something is something it is obliged to act according to its nature, not sometimes but always. The fire burns and the water wets, the rain falls and the fire rises. The universe orders itself by Identity and Causality.

32

The corollary of the “Primacy of Existence over Consciousness” refers to the fact that first you perceive an entity, then that entity come to existence.

True

False

b

To perceive an entity, it needs to exists first. Without an existent entitiy any consciousness is impossible. So, the phrase, “I think, therefore, I am” is wrong; “I am, therefore, I think” is right.

33

Natural things are chosen and relative.

True

False

b

The universe is given, natural and absolute. It is governed by laws that exist on their own independent of people’s opinions. To deny it is to cancel reality.

34

The concept “entity” refers to anything that has no identity.

True

False

b

An entity is a thing with a unique identity, a physical object with particular characteristics that is perceived with the senses.

35

The Allegory of the Metaphysical Tetrahedron illustrates how axiom-concepts and its corollaries connect each other.

True

False

a

The Allegory of the Metaphysical Tetrahedron is a six-edged sculpture illustrating the connection between axiom-concepts and its corollaries.

36

Epistemology comes from the Greek “episteme” (knowledge) and “logos” (study).

True

False

a

Epistemology studies how man learns in the following order: sensory perception, thoughts, emotions, actions.

37

A percept is the integration of a perceived object that the sense organs and brain does accurately and automatically.

True

False

a

A “percept” is the sensory integration of things that man perceives with his senses in the material world. This happens automatically and accurately in the sense organs and brain.

38

What is the relationship between a concept and a percept?

The concept derives from percepts.

The percept derives from concepts.

a

A concept derives from percepts. For example, the concept apple derives from all the real apples perceived (percepts).

39

Is there an apple if you don’t see its cells?

Yes

No

a

The cells of an apple do not contradict the apple we see, nor does the top of the tree contradict its invisible roots. The visible and invisible universe is a continuum without one causing the other.

40

Do you perceive according to the identity of your sensory organs?

Yes

No

a

Each sensory organ has its own identity. No ear sees, no nose listens; each sense organ is what it is and acts according to its identity, that is, accordingly to the Law of Causality.

41

Are your sense organs absolute?

Yes

No

a

Your sense organs are absolute for you, because they are given and natural tools of survival, the result of more than four billion years of biological evolution on Earth. 

42

Does the concept “unity” have any role in forming a concept?

Yes

No

a

To consider “entities” as “units” is man’s cognitive method. For example, the characteristics of the entities “spoons” are consider as a unit that groups them in the “spoon” concept.

43

Forming a concept involves a mathematical calculation.

True

False

a

Forming a concept involves a mathematical calculation, because it identifies a common characteristic to measure it.

44

A concept identifies the common characteristic of the entities that own it, and refers to a specific measurement of a particular entity.

True

False

b

The concept identifies the common characteristic of all entities that own it, but omits to measure its particular quantities, which must exist in some or any amount.

45

Does the Allegory of Photo Albums and Folders serve to know how “percepts” connects with concepts?

Yes

No

a

The Allegory of Photo Albums and Folders serves to understand how the “percepts”, which derived from sensory perceptions, are connected to concepts.

46

In the Allegory of Photo Albums and Folders, what is a basic concept?

An album with photos of the same things.

A folder with photos of the same things.

a

A “basic concept” is like a photo album with pictures of the same things, the kind of concepts closest to the perceptual level.

47

In the Allegory of Photo Albums and Folders, how is a 1st level concept represented?

With a photo album containing multiple folders.

With a folder containing multiple photo albums.

b

With a 1st level folder containing several photo albums. An example is “fruit”. Is a folder that contains several photo albums each with photos of the same type of fruit. 

48

In the Allegory of Photo Albums and Folders, what is a 2nd level concept?

2nd level folders containing photo albums.

2nd level folders containing 1st level folders.

b

2nd level concepts are 2nd level folders that contain 1st level folders. An example is “vegetables”, which contains 1st level folders, such as “fruits” and “legumes”, which in turn contain photo albums of different types of fruits and vegetables.

49

In the Allegory of Photo Albums and Folders, what is a 3rd level concept?

Photo albums containing 2nd level folders.

3rd level folders containing 2nd level folders.

b

A 3rd level concept is a folder containing 2nd level folders. For example, “organisms”, which contains several 2nd level folders, such as plants, mammals, reptiles, etc.

50

The concepts of consciousness refer to all psychological action of man.

True

False

a

The concepts of consciousness classify all the psychological actions of man such as perceiving, thinking, deciding, feeling, desiring and imagining.

51

On what does the intensity and content of your consciousness depend?

Of your interests.

Of your IQ.

a

The content of your consciousness depends on your interests and these have two characteristics: content and intensity.

52

What is the definition of a concept?

Classify a larger group into a smaller group.

Classify a smaller group into a larger group.

b

For example, Aristotle classified man as a “rational animal.” The smaller group is man’s rationality; the larger group, animals.

53

Does the new meaning of one concept influence another?

Yes

No

a

The meaning of once concept influences the others. The renewal of the meaning of one concept renews all the knowledge of a person, just like at renovating the furniture of a house ends up renovating the whole house.

54

The meaning of one concept depends on the meaning of all the others.

True

False

a

The meaning of a concept depends on the meaning of others because words define words and, therefore, build mental contexts.

55

What is hierarchy when learning?

That first you learn to multiply and then to count.

That you go to school first then to college.

b

Knowledge is constructed from bottom to up, like a building. First “percepts”, then “concepts”. You learn to count, then to multiply; before a Newton, a Galileo was necessary. There are no shortcuts to knowledge.

56

To validate a concept, you have to reverse engineer it.

True

False

a

To reverse engineer a concept you have to see how the percepts connect to the concepts. It is done by opening the folders of higher levels until you reach the photo albums.

57

“Syntax” studies how grammatical sentences should be ordered to speak well.

True

False

a

“Syntax” is the part of grammar that studies how words and groups of sentences are combined to think properly.

58

Reason is the faculty that identifies and integrates man’s ideas.

True

False

b

In the words of Ayn Rand, reason “is the faculty that identifies and integrates the material provided by man’s senses.”

59

Reason derives from collective thinking.

True

False

b

Reason derives from an individual brain that chooses to focus its own mind. A giant collective brain doesn’t exist. Is the individual who can think, but only if he makes the choice to think.

60

Why focus your mind allows you to choose well?

Because it does not produce sharpness.

Because it produces contrast.

b

Focusing your mind is similar to focus the lens of a camera to get a clear image. It allows you to differentiate clear options to choose well, which means: freedom, success and happiness.

61

Is man’s “free will” absolute?

Yes

No

a

Whether someone chooses or does not choose to choose, in both cases he chooses, therefore, his free will is absolute. This means that nobody escape the absolute consequences of its choices, by action or omission.

62

Logic is the art of definitions.

True

False

b

Logic is the science of non-contradictions. But the conclusion of a syllogism, although logically right, it can be factually wrong if it contains floating concepts.

63

Are the concepts of “possible,” “probable,” and “certain” referring to the same thing?

Yes

No

b

When there is no evidence against and some in favour, something is “possible”; if there is enough evidence, but there are still doubts, something is “probable”; if the evidence is conclusive, its “certain”, because it leaves no room for doubt.

64

How many means of knowledge does man have?

Reason and emotion.

Just reason.

b

Only reason allows us to know. Emotions are effects; reason, the cause. All emotion derives from the intellect that can know reality.

65

Are emotions independent from reason?

Yes

No

b

Emotions derive from an intellectual involuntary evaluation. This is not noticed because it occurs at the speed of light and automatically.

66

What is evasion?

Decide not to see.

Not to see involuntarily.

a

To evade is to make the decision to deny reality in order to adapt to a cultural collective. It is to deny one’s own sensory perceptions to please a group, as the Asch’s Experiment shows.

67

Is arbitrary something false?

Yes

No

b

The arbitrary says: “You can’t prove that X exists, but you also can’t prove that it doesn’t exist.”  But in logic you can’t prove a negative. The absence of proof does not prove the absence.

68

Things are absolute, but in a given context and time.

Yes

No

a

Everything that exists, exists absolutely in a given context and time, for example, is an absolute fact that you are now reading this where you are.

69

An agnostic believes anything is possible, but he’s not sure.

True

False

a

The philosophy of an agnostic is to never be sure of anything, not even that.

70

Mysticism and scepticism deny evidence and reason.

True

False

a

Mysticism says that matter is illusion; scepticism, that nothing is absolute. Both deny reality and reason.

71

The value of our life is appreciated when we accept has an end.

True

False

a

When you accept the fact that your existence has a definitive end, your life fulfils with glory and every moment becomes heroic.

72

What is the greatest value of man?

Reason.

Its body.

a

Man’s greatest value, and its means of survival, is his reason, but he needs choose it in order to live like a man.

73

Rational morality answers the question: What should I do?

True

False

a

Rational morality is the study of what is the best course of rational action for man happiness.

74

Reason does not give man moral value, and it does not show him his way of moral perfection.

True

False

b

Reason is the essential characteristic of man, but he must choose it as a value to attain his moral perfection.

75

What’s the point for a man to choose a productive life purpose?

To prioritize its own actions and succeed.

To get carried away by propaganda and fail.

a

Choosing a productive life goal serves to prioritize one’s actions. It is equivalent to building a football arch where you can score goals.

76

Man’s main virtue is his rationality.

True

False

a

Man needs to act rationally to succeed in life, therefore, rationality is his main virtue.

77

Benign selfishness is morally inferior to altruism.

True

False

b

Benign selfishness is morally superior to altruism, and the latter is not empathy.

78

Reason is a value for all people.

True

False

b

Reason is a value, but only for people who choose it.

79

The moral purpose of life is to love one’s neighbour.

True

False

b

The moral purpose of life is to discover why the pursuit of one’s own happiness is an end in itself, given, natural and absolute, and be productive to humanity.

80

Man’s self-esteem derives from his ability to attain social-status.

True

False

b

Man’s self-esteem derives from its rational honesty and to know why is worthy of its happiness.

81

What are the virtues of rational morality?

Rationality, integrity, independence, honesty, justice, productivity and pride.

Rationality, compassion, independence, honesty, piety, productivity and humility.

a

The virtues of rational morality are: rationality, integrity, independence, honesty, justice, productivity and pride.

82

Is the virtue of independence to reach conclusions from one’s own experiments and research?

Yes

No

a

The independent man focuses his mind and discovers the world for himself on the basis of his own experience and observations, like Galileo.

83

Is the virtue of integrity to tolerate our small contradictions?

Yes

No

b

The virtue of integrity does not tolerate contradictions between reality, perceptions, reason, emotions and actions, and its integration it is superior to the sum of its parts.

84

The virtue of honesty is:

Be loyal to the culture.

To be loyal to the material reality of the universe.

b

The virtue of honesty recognizes the absolute material reality of the universe.

85

Is the virtue of justice the necessity of not judging men so as not to be judged?

Yes

No

b

The man who practices the virtue of justice judges others with conclusive evidence and, for the same reason, prepares himself to be judged.

86

Does the virtue of productivity adapt nature to man?

Yes

No

a

The productive man produces with his mind and adapts nature to his desires, but obeying it first.

87

What is the virtue of productivity for?

To achieve self-esteem.

To achieve social-status.

a

Self-esteem is man’s greatest reward and derives from its productivity not its social-status.

88

What is pride?

A capital sin.

The sum of all rational virtues.

b

The virtue of pride derives from becoming oneself a masterpiece, practicing the rational virtues in each minute of our life.

89

The quality of our happiness depends on the quality of our emotions.

True

False

b

The quality of your happiness depends on the quality of your thoughts and the quality of these of a paradigm that respects nature.

90

The success of the hero is the consequence of practicing humility.

True

False

b

Pride is the heroes’ virtue; humility is poverty, but the ignorant calls it virtue.

91

Self-esteem derives from practicing:

The virtue of pride.

Humility.

a

The virtue of pride allows you to achieve self-esteem. Whoever abandons his reason feels fear, because he abandons his weapon of survival, and guilt, because he knows that he does it voluntarily.

92

What is metaphysical sexual pleasure?

Spiritual sexual pleasure.

Sexual pleasure that integrates the body and mind.

b

Love without desire is just as incomplete as desire without love, therefore, bodies and minds both need to get into bed.

93

Which political system is in accordance with the mold of nature?

Collectivism.

Austrian School Capitalism based on individualism.

b

Austrian School Capitalism is a Minarchist free market system that is based on honest competition between producers. It protects the freedom of the individual, private property and works with the gold standard.

94

Should art serve man as an inspiration for him to reach the best version of himself?

Yes

No

a

Art, instead of being rubbish-whim or propaganda, can elevate man to the best he can and should become as an individual: the optimal-rational-animal of the New Renaissance.